Ku Tennessee ndi mayiko ena ambiri okonda kusamala mdziko muno, malamulo atsopano otsutsana ndi chiphunzitso chamtundu wovuta akukhudza zisankho zazing'ono koma zofunika zomwe aphunzitsi amapanga tsiku lililonse.
Lowani pamakalata aulere a tsiku ndi tsiku a Chalkbeat Tennessee kuti mukhale osinthika pasukulu za Memphis-Shelby County ndi mfundo zamaphunziro zaboma.
Bungwe lalikulu kwambiri la aphunzitsi ku Tennessee lalumikizana ndi aphunzitsi asanu asukulu zaboma pamlandu wotsutsana ndi lamulo la boma lazaka ziwiri lomwe limaletsa zomwe angaphunzitse za tsankho lamtundu, jenda komanso m'kalasi.
Mlandu wawo, womwe udaperekedwa Lachiwiri usiku ku khothi lamilandu la Nashville ndi maloya a Tennessee Education Association, akuti mawu alamulo la 2021 ndi osamveka komanso osagwirizana ndi malamulo ndipo dongosolo la boma likuwongolera.
Dandauloli likunenanso kuti malamulo a Tennessee otchedwa "malingaliro oletsedwa" amasokoneza chiphunzitso cha mitu yovuta koma yofunika yomwe ili m'mikhalidwe yamaphunziro a boma.Miyezo iyi imakhazikitsa zolinga zovomerezeka ndi boma zomwe zimatsogolera maphunziro ena ndi zisankho zoyesa.
Mlanduwu ndi mlandu woyamba wotsutsana ndi lamulo laboma lomwe lili ndi mikangano, yoyamba yamtunduwu m'dziko lonselo.Lamuloli lidaperekedwa pakati pa ziwonetsero zotsutsana ndi anthu aku America omwe akutsutsa tsankho kutsatira kuphedwa kwa a George Floyd mu 2020 ndi wapolisi woyera ku Minneapolis komanso ziwonetsero zotsutsana ndi tsankho zomwe zidatsata.
Oak Ridge Rep. John Ragan, m'modzi mwa othandizira a Republican a Bill, adanena kuti lamuloli likufunika kuti ateteze ophunzira a K-12 ku zomwe iye ndi aphungu ena amawona kuti ndizosocheretsa komanso zogawanitsa chikhalidwe cha anthu okhudzana ndi kugonana, monga chiphunzitso chotsutsa mitundu..Kafukufuku wa aphunzitsi akuwonetsa kuti maziko amaphunzirowa samaphunzitsidwa m'masukulu a K-12, koma amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'maphunziro apamwamba kufufuza momwe ndale ndi malamulo zimapititsira kusankhana mitundu.
Nyumba Yamalamulo ya Tennessee yoyendetsedwa ndi Republican idapereka lamuloli m'masiku omaliza a gawo la 2021, patadutsa masiku angapo kuti likhazikitsidwe.Bwanamkubwa Bill Lee adasaina mwachangu kuti likhale lamulo, ndipo pambuyo pake chaka chimenecho dipatimenti ya zamaphunziro m'boma idakonza malamulo oti akwaniritse.Ngati zophwanya zipezeka, aphunzitsi atha kutaya ziphaso zawo ndipo zigawo zasukulu zitha kutaya ndalama zaboma.
M’zaka ziwiri zoyambirira, lamuloli linali logwira ntchito, ndipo panali madandaulo ochepa chabe komanso opanda chindapusa.Koma Ragan wakhazikitsa malamulo atsopano omwe amakulitsa gulu la anthu omwe amatha kudandaula.
Dandauloli likuti lamuloli silipereka mwayi kwa aphunzitsi aku Tennessee kuti aphunzire makhalidwe ndi kuphunzitsa koletsedwa.
"Aphunzitsi ali m'dera la imvi lomwe sitidziwa zomwe tingathe kapena sitingathe kuchita kapena kunena m'kalasi," adatero Katherine Vaughn, mphunzitsi wakale wa ku Tipton County pafupi ndi Memphis ndi mmodzi mwa otsutsa asanu a aphunzitsi." Pamenepa.
"Kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo - kuyambira utsogoleri kupita ku maphunziro - kulibe," adatero Vaughn."Izi zimapangitsa kuti aphunzitsi azikhala osagwirizana."
Mlanduwu unanenanso kuti lamuloli limalimbikitsa anthu kuti azitsatira malamulo mopanda tsankho komanso akuphwanya lamulo la 14th Amendment to the US Constitution, lomwe limaletsa dziko lililonse “kulanda munthu aliyense moyo, ufulu, kapena katundu popanda kutsatira malamulo.”
"Lamulo likufunika kumveka bwino," atero a Tanya Coates, Purezidenti wa TEA, gulu la aphunzitsi lomwe likutsogolera mlanduwo.
Anati aphunzitsi amathera "maola osawerengeka" kuyesa kumvetsetsa mfundo za 14 zomwe zili zoletsedwa komanso m'kalasi, kuphatikizapo kuti America "ndiyekha kapena mopanda chiyembekezo kusankhana mitundu kapena kugonana";"Kutenga udindo" pazochita zam'mbuyomu za anthu amtundu womwewo kapena jenda chifukwa cha mtundu wawo kapena jenda.
Kusamveka bwino kwa mawuwa kwakhudza kwambiri sukulu, kuyambira momwe aphunzitsi amayankhira mafunso a ophunzira mpaka zomwe amawerenga m'kalasi, TEA inatero.Pofuna kupewa madandaulo owononga nthawi komanso chiwopsezo cha chindapusa chochokera ku boma, atsogoleri asukulu asintha machitidwe a uphunzitsi ndi sukulu.Koma pamapeto pake, Coats akuti ndi ophunzira omwe amavutika.
"Lamuloli likulepheretsa ntchito ya aphunzitsi a Tennessee popatsa ophunzira maphunziro athunthu, ozikidwa pa umboni," adatero Coates m'mawu atolankhani.
Mlandu wamasamba 52 umapereka zitsanzo zenizeni za momwe kuletsaku kumakhudzira zomwe ophunzira pafupifupi miliyoni miliyoni akusukulu yaboma ku Tennessee amaphunzira ndipo samaphunzira tsiku lililonse.
"Mwachitsanzo, ku Tipton County, sukulu yasintha ulendo wawo wapachaka kupita ku National Civil Rights Museum ku Memphis kukawonera masewera a baseball.M’chigawo cha Shelby, woimba kwaya amene waphunzitsa ophunzira kwa zaka zambiri kuimba ndi kumvetsa nkhani ya nyimbo zimene amaimba amaonedwa ngati akapolo.”kugawanitsa” kapena kuphwanya lamulolo,” mlanduwo umatero.Magawo ena asukulu achotsa mabuku pamaphunziro awo chifukwa cha lamulo.
Ofesi ya Bwanamkubwa sanena zambiri pamilandu yomwe ikuyembekezera, koma mneneri a Lee Jed Byers adapereka ndemanga Lachitatu ponena za mlanduwu: "Bwanamkubwa adasaina chikalatachi chifukwa kholo lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi udindo pamaphunziro a mwana wawo.Khalani owona mtima, ophunzira aku Tennessee.mbiri ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ziyenera kuphunzitsidwa mogwirizana ndi zenizeni osati ndemanga zandale zogaŵanitsa.”
Tennessee inali imodzi mwa mayiko oyambirira kupereka malamulo oletsa kuya kwa zokambirana za m'kalasi za mfundo monga kusalingana ndi mwayi woyera.
M'mwezi wa Marichi, dipatimenti yoona zamaphunziro ku Tennessee idanenanso kuti madandaulo ochepa adaperekedwa m'masukulu am'deralo monga momwe lamulo limafunira.Bungweli lidalandira ma apilo ochepa chabe otsutsa zigamulo za mderalo.
Mmodzi anali wochokera kwa kholo la wophunzira wapasukulu yapayekha ku Davidson County.Chifukwa lamuloli siligwira ntchito m’sukulu za private, dipatimentiyi yatsimikiza kuti makolo alibe ufulu wochita apilo malinga ndi lamuloli.
Dandaulo linanso lidaperekedwa ndi kholo la Blount County pokhudzana ndi Mapiko a Chinjoka, buku lomwe lidanenedwa molingana ndi momwe mnyamata wina waku China yemwe adasamukira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20.Boma lakana apiloyo potengera zomwe wapeza.
Komabe, masukulu a Blount County adachotsabe bukuli pamaphunziro a sitandade 6.Mlanduwo unanena za kupwetekedwa mtima kumene mlanduwo unachititsa kwa mphunzitsi wina wazaka 45 yemwe “anachita manyazi ndi miyezi yambiri yozengedwa mlandu chifukwa cha dandaulo la kholo limodzi la buku lachinyamata lomwe linalandira mphoto.Ntchito yake "Pangozi" imavomerezedwa ndi Dipatimenti ya Tennessee.maphunziro ndi kutengedwa ndi bungwe la sukulu m'deralo monga gawo la maphunziro a distilikiti.“
Dipatimentiyi idakananso kufufuza madandaulo omwe adaperekedwa ndi Williamson County, kumwera kwa Nashville, lamuloli litangokhazikitsidwa.Robin Steenman, pulezidenti wakomweko wa Freedom Moms, adati pulogalamu ya Wit ndi Wisdom yophunzitsa ku Williamson County mu 2020-2021 ili ndi "ndondomeko yokondera" yomwe imapangitsa ana "kudana dziko lawo ndi wina ndi mnzake" .ndi ena.”/ kapena iwowo.“
Mneneri adati dipatimentiyo idaloledwa kokha kufufuza zomwe zanenedwa kuyambira chaka cha 2021-2222 ndipo adalimbikitsa Yetman kuti agwire ntchito ndi masukulu a Williamson County kuti athetse nkhawa zake.
Akuluakulu a dipatimentiyi sanayankhe Lachitatu pomwe adafunsidwa ngati boma lidalandira madandaulo ambiri m'miyezi yaposachedwa.
Pansi pa ndondomeko ya boma yamakono, ophunzira okha, makolo, kapena antchito a sukulu ya sukulu kapena sukulu yobwereka akhoza kudandaula za sukulu yawo.Bili ya Ragan, yothandizidwa ndi Senator Joey Hensley, Hornwald, ingalole aliyense wokhala m'boma la sukuluyi kuti apereke madandaulo.
Koma otsutsa amatsutsa kuti kusintha koteroko kungatsegulire khomo kwa magulu osunga mwambo monga a Liberal Moms kudandaula ku ma board a sukulu akumaloko ponena za kuphunzitsa, mabuku kapena zipangizo zomwe amakhulupirira kuti zimaphwanya lamulo, ngakhale kuti sizikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi sukulu.Mphunzitsi kapena sukulu yovuta.
The Prohibition Concept Act ndi yosiyana ndi Tennessee Act ya 2022, yomwe, kutengera madandaulo ochokera ku zisankho za board yapasukulu yakumaloko, imapatsa mphamvu bungwe la boma kuti liletse mabuku ku malaibulale asukulu m'boma lonse ngati likuwona kuti "ndilosayenera kwa msinkhu wa wophunzira kapena kukula kwake."
Chidziwitso cha Mkonzi: Nkhaniyi yasinthidwa kuti ikhale ndi ndemanga kuchokera ku ofesi ya Bwanamkubwa komanso m'modzi mwa odandaula.
Martha W. Aldrich is a senior reporter covering events at the Tennessee State Capitol. Please contact her at maldrich@chalkbeat.org.
Polembetsa, mumavomereza Chidziwitso Chathu Zazinsinsi, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito aku Europe amavomereza Ndondomeko Yotumiza Data.Mutha kulandiranso mauthenga kuchokera kwa othandizira nthawi ndi nthawi.
Polembetsa, mumavomereza Chidziwitso Chathu Zazinsinsi, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito aku Europe amavomereza Ndondomeko Yotumiza Data.Mutha kulandiranso mauthenga kuchokera kwa othandizira nthawi ndi nthawi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-28-2023