Zikomo chifukwa chochezera chilengedwe.com. Mtundu wa msakatuli womwe mukugwiritsa ntchito ali ndi chithandizo chochepa cha CSS. Zotsatira zabwino, timalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa msakatuli wanu (kapena kutembenuzira mayendedwe ophatikizika mu Internet Explorer). Pakadali pano, kuonetsetsa kuti akupitiliza, tikuwonetsa tsambalo osakongoletsa kapena javascript.
Kugwiritsa ntchito luso lanzeru zamankhwala (AI) kukukula mwachangu, koma maphunziro omwe ali ndi sukulu ya zamankhwala amaphunzitsa zochepa zophunzitsira kuderali. Apa tikufotokozera maphunziro anzeru ochita luntha tidapanga ndikupereka kwa ophunzira aku Canada ndikupanga malingaliro ophunzitsidwa mtsogolo.
Luntha lanzeru (AI) mu mankhwala amatha kusintha luso lantchito ndikuthandizira kupanga zisankho zamankhwala. Kuti muwongolere bwino kugwiritsa ntchito luntha la madokotala, madokotala ayenera kukhala ndi kumvetsetsa kwa luntha lanzeru. Ndemanga zambiri zimalimbikitsanso kuphunzitsa ai lingaliro la AI, monga kufotokoza AI zitsanzo ndi njira zotsimikizika2. Komabe, mapulani ochepa opangidwa omwe aperekedwa, makamaka pamlingo wapadziko lonse. Pinto dos Santoos et al.3. Ophunzira azachipatala 261 adawerengera ndipo 71% adavomera kuti afunika kuphunzitsa zanzeru. Phunzitsani luso laukadaulo lanzeru pamafunika luso losatha lomwe limagwirizanitsa malingaliro aukadaulo komanso osagwiritsa ntchito ophunzira omwe nthawi zambiri amadziwitsa zambiri asanachitike. Timalongosola zomwe takumana nazo popereka maudindo angapo a AI kwa magulu atatu a ophunzira azachipatala ndikupanga malingaliro a maphunziro azachipatala ku AI.
Kuyamba Kwa Masabata Asanu pa Ngongole Zojambula Zakukonzekera Kwa ophunzira azachipatala adachitika kawiri pakati pa February 2019 ndi Epulo 2021. Ndandanda yachidule, ikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 1. Maphunziro athu ali Zolinga zitatu zophunzirira: Ophunzira amadziwa momwe deta imakonzedwa mu magwiridwe antchito anzeru, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mainjiniya omwe akupanga luntha lopanga.
Blue ndi mutu wa nkhani zopatuka ndi kuwala kwamtambo ndi funso lothandizira komanso poyankha. Gawo la imvi ndi gawo la kuwunika mwachidule kwa mabuku. Magawo a lalanje amasankhidwa maphunziro omwe amafotokoza mitundu kapena luso lanzeru. Green ndi njira yoyendetsera pulogalamu yopangidwira luntha launthu kuti ithetse mavuto azachipatala ndikuwunikira mitundu. Zomwe zili ndi nthawi yayitali za zokambirana zimasiyana malinga ndi kuwunika kwa zosowa za ophunzira.
Ntchito yoyamba inkachitika ku Yunivesite ya Briteni kuyambira mwezi wa Februo mpaka Epulo 2019, ndipo onse otenga nawo mbali adapereka ndemanga. Chifukwa cha Covid-19, zokambirana zachiwiri zidachitika pafupifupi mu Okutobala-Novembala 2020, ndi ophunzira 222 ndi anthu atatu ochokera ku sukulu 8 zaku Canada. Makina owonetsa ndi nambala yakwezedwa pa tsamba lotseguka (http://ubcaiiiim.github.io). Ndemanga yofunika kuyambira koyamba ndi pomwe zida zinali zowonjezereka komanso zongoyerekeza. Kutumiza magawo asanu ndi limodzi a Canada kumabweretsa zovuta zina. Chifukwa chake, malo achiwiri afupikitsa gawo lililonse mpaka ola limodzi, lokhumudwitsidwa maphunziro, kuwonjezera njira zambiri maphunziro, ndipo adapanga mapulogalamu omwe amalola ophunzira kuti athe kumaliza maphunziro a code (Box). Mayankho ofunikira kuchokera ku Isanduliza Lachiwiri kuphatikiza ndemanga zabwino pamapulogalamu ndi pempho lowonetsa kukonzekera ntchito yophunzirira makina. Chifukwa chake, mu msonkhano wachitatu wachitatu, wopangidwa pafupifupi wazachipatala 126 wazamankhwala mu Marichi-Epulo 2021, tinaphatikizananso ndi magawo othandizana nawo kuti awonetsetse malingaliro ogwiritsa ntchito zokambirana.
Kusanthula kwa Data: Gawo lowerengera m'magawo omwe amafotokoza njira zomwe zili ndi tanthauzo mu data popenda, kukonza, ndi kufotokozera njira za data.
Migodi ya data: Njira yodziwira ndikupeza deta. M'malingaliro a luntha lanzeru, izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu, ndizosiyanasiyana kwa zitsanzo zilizonse.
Kuchepetsa kukula: Njira yosinthira deta ndi mitundu yambiri ya munthu pazinthu zochepa pomwe ndikusunga zofunikira zoyambira zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa.
Makhalidwe (munthawi ya luntha lanzeru): Zinthu zotsogola. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana ndi "katundu" kapena "zosinthika".
Mapu owonjezera: Njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauzira mitundu yazambiri (makamaka neentral networks), yomwe imasanthula njira yothetsera gawo lomaliza la netiweki kapena zithunzi zomwe zikulosera kwambiri.
Chithunzithunzi Choyimira: Chitsanzo cha AI chomwe chaphunzitsidwa kale kuchitanso ntchito.
Kuyesa (mwanzeru za luntha lanzeru): Kuwona momwe chitsanzo chimachitira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito deta yomwe sinakumanepo kale.
Kuphunzitsa (mwanzeru za luntha lanzeru): kupereka chitsanzo ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtunduwo usinthe gawo lake lamkati kuti athe kugwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito deta yatsopano.
Vector: Zambiri za data. M'makina kuphunzira zamakina, gawo lililonse lazomera nthawi zambiri limakhala chinthu chapadera cha zitsanzo.
Gome 1 limatchulanso maphunziro aposachedwa kwambiri kwa Epulo 2021, kuphatikiza zomwe akufuna kuphunzira pamutu uliwonse. Ntchito iyi idakonzedwa kuti yatsopanoyo ikhale yaukadaulo ndipo safuna chidziwitso choposa chaka choyamba cha digiri yoyamba ya Intergration. Maphunzirowa adapangidwa ndi ophunzira 6 ndi aphunzitsi atatu okhala ndi madigiri. Akatswiri akupanga malingaliro anzeru anzeru kuti aphunzitse, ndipo ophunzira azachipatala akuphunzira zinthu zoyenera.
Zolemba ntchito zimaphatikizapo nkhani, maphunziro a milandu, ndikuwongolera njira. Poyamba nkhani yoyamba, timawunika malingaliro osankhidwa a data, kuphatikizapo kuwona kwa deta, kuwunika kwa zinthu, komanso kuyerekezera kwa ziwerengero zofotokozera ndi zosankha. Ngakhale kusanthula kwa deta ndi maziko a nzeru zokumba, timapatula mitu monga migodi ya deta, kuyesedwa kofunikira, kapena kusinthika. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zovuta za nthawi komanso chifukwa ophunzira ena omaliza maphunzirowo anali ataphunzitsira ku Bistatatis ndipo amafuna kuphimba makina ena apadera. Kuwerengera kotsatira kumayambitsa njira zamakono ndikukambirana za zovuta za Ai Nkhani zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi mabuku ndi kafukufuku wogwiritsa ntchito pazida zanzeru zomwe zilipo. Tikugogomezera maluso ofunikira kuwunikira kugwira ntchito ndi kuthekera kwa chitsanzo cha chitsanzo kuti muthe kuyankha mafunso azachipatala, kuphatikizapo kumvetsetsa zofooka zomwe zidalipo. Mwachitsanzo, tinapempha ophunzira kuti asulire malangizo ovulala a ana omwe akuwalamulira a Kuppermant al. Tikugogomezera kuti ichi ndi chitsanzo chofala cha ai popereka chiwonetsero cha madokotala kuti madokotala azitanthauzira, m'malo mosintha asidi.
Muzolemba zotseguka za boolstrap (https://githib..com/bcaiiiiiiiiim/ubcaiiiiiim.itiveb.github), timawonetsa momwe mungakhalire . ndi kuyezetsa. Timagwiritsa ntchito Gogle Colabotary Mu mkuyu. Chithunzi 2 chimapereka chitsanzo cha masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumatanthauza kuneneratu za zilonda pogwiritsa ntchito asconsin otsegulira mawere oyerekeza datat6 ndi mankhwala a Algorithm.
Mapulogalamu amakono sabata yonse pamutu wokhudzana ndi kusankha zitsanzo kuchokera ku ntchito za AI. Zinthu za mapulogalamu zimangophatikizidwa ngati zimawerengedwa moyenera popereka chizolowezi chamiyam'tsogolo, monga momwe mungadziwitse mitundu kuti adziwe ngati ali okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito m'mayesero azachipatala. Zitsanzo izi zimakwaniritsa mu ntchito yokhazikika yothana ndi yomaliza yomwe imatipatsa zotupa ngati zopanda pake kapena zowawa potengera madongosolo azachipatala.
Kukhazikika pamaso pa chidziwitso. Ophunzira athu anali osiyana ndi chidziwitso cha masamu. Mwachitsanzo, ophunzira omwe ali ndi upangiri wautali akufuna zinthu zakuya kwambiri, monga momwe mungachitire kuti agwirizane nawo. Komabe, kukambirana za algorithm mu kalasi sikutheka chifukwa kumafunikira chidziwitso chakuya cha siginecha.
Kupezekapo konsekonse. Kupezeka pamisonkhano yotsatira kutsata misonkhano yotsatira, makamaka pa mapangidwe apamaintaneti. Njira yothetsera vuto limatha kutsata kupezekapo ndikupereka satifiketi yomaliza. Masukulu achipatala amadziwika kuti amazindikira zolemba za ophunzira ang'onoang'ono, zomwe zingalimbikitse ophunzira kukhala digirii.
Mapangidwe: Chifukwa AI akadumphadumpha ambiri, kusankha malo ozama azamawo ozama komanso m'kate kumavuta. Mwachitsanzo, kupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito zida za Ai kuchokera ku labotale kupita ku chipatalacho ndi mutu wofunikira. Tikubisa deta popanga, nyumba yomanga, ndi kutsimikizika, sitimaphatikiza mitu yoyeserera kwambiri, yomwe tiwonedwe, kapena kuchititsa mayesero azachipatala, m'malo mwake timayang'ana pa malingaliro apadera apamwamba kwambiri aI. Mfundo yathu yotsogolera ndikuwongolera kuwerenga, osati luso. Mwachitsanzo, kumvetsetsa momwe njira yotsogola yolowera ndikofunikira kutanthauzira. Njira imodzi yochitira izi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mamapu achangu, omwe amatha kuwona kuti zigawo zomwe zimawonedweratu. Komabe, izi zimafuna kuwerengera zambiri ndipo sizingayambitsidwe. Kukhala ndi mawu ofala kwambiri kunali kovuta chifukwa timayesetsa kufotokozera momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito ndi deta ngati ma veters popanda njira yachikhalidwe. Dziwani kuti mawu osiyana ali ndi tanthauzo lofanana, mwachitsanzo, ku Epidemiology, "mawonekedwe" amafotokozedwa kuti ndi "mtundu" kapena "".
Kusunga chidziwitso. Chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito ai kuli ndi malire, momwe ophunzira amadziwira kuti adziwe. Nthawi zambiri maphunziro a sukulu ya zamankhwala nthawi zambiri amadalira kuti atsimikizire chidziwitso pazinthu zomwe mungachite bwino, 9 zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ndi maphunziro aI.
Ukadaulo ndikofunikira kwambiri kuposa kuwerenga. Kuzama kwa zinthuzo kwapangidwa popanda nkhondo ya masamu, yomwe inali vuto poyambitsa maphunziro azachipatala mu luntha lochita kupanga. Mu zitsanzo zama pulogalamu, timagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya template yomwe imalola kuti ophunzira akwaniritse mapulogalamu ndikuyendetsa pulogalamuyo popanda kudziwa momwe angakhazikitsire malo athunthu.
Zokhudza nzeru zanzeru zomwe zalembedwa: Pali nkhawa yomwe iliponse yomwe nzeru zopeka zitha kusintha maudindo ena. Kuti tithene ndi vutoli, timafotokoza zoperewera za Ai, kuphatikiza kuti pafupifupi matekinoloje onse ai ovomerezedwa ndi oyang'anira amafunikira kuwongolera kwa asing'anga11. Tigogomezeranso kufunika kwa tsankho chifukwa ma algorithms amakonda kukondera, makamaka ngati data yomwe siyikuyenda siyosintha12. Zotsatira zake, subgroup ina ikhoza kusinthidwa molakwika, zimatsogolera zosankha za zoyipa.
Zambiri zimapezeka pagulu: Tapanga zinthu zopezeka pagulu, kuphatikizapo masiketi ndi nambala. Ngakhale kuti zokhudzana ndi zidetso ndizochepa chifukwa cha magawo a nthawi, zomwe zili zotseguka ndi njira yabwino yophunzirira aischronor kuyambira kale, sipapezeka masukulu onse aI.
Kugwirizana kwa ziphuphu: Ntchito iyi ndi cholumikizira cholumikizidwa ndi ophunzira azachipatala kuti akonze maphunziro limodzi ndi opanga mainjiniya. Izi zikuwonetsa mwayi wogwirizana komanso ziwalo zodziwikiratu m'madera onsewo, kulola ophunzira kuti amvetsetse momwe zingathere mtsogolo.
Tanthauzirani ai cratenacties. Kutanthauzira mndandanda wazovuta kumapereka kapangidwe kake komwe kumatha kuphatikizidwa mu njira yolumikizirana yomwe ilipo. Ntchito iyi ikugwiritsa ntchito njira zophunzirira 2 (Kumvetsetsa), 3 (3 (ntchito), ndi 4 (kusanthula) kwa ogonjera kwa maluwa. Kukhala ndi chuma m'magawo apamwamba, monga kupanga mapulojekiti, kungalimbitse chidziwitso. Izi zimafuna kugwira ntchito ndi akatswiri azachipatala kuti adziwe momwe mitu ya ayi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakupanga makilogalamu obwereza komanso kupewetsa chiphunzitso cha mitu yobwereza yomwe yaphatikizidwa munthawi yamankhwala.
Pangani maphunziro ankhani pogwiritsa ntchito Ai. Zofanana ndi zitsanzo zamankhwala, kuphunzira kochokera pa milandu kungalimbikitse malingaliro osafunikira powunikira kufunikira kwawo kwa mafunso azamankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, Phunziro lina la msonkhano wofufuza za AI-zochokera ku matenda a matenda a matenda a matenda a matenda a matenda okwanira 13 kuti azindikire zovuta panjira kuchokera ku labu kupita ku chipatala, monga kuvomerezedwa ndi zovomerezeka zakunja.
Gwiritsani Ntchito Kuphunzira: Maluso aukadaulo amafunikira machitidwe okhazikika komanso kubwereza kwa ambuye, ofanana ndi zomwe mukuphunzira zophunzirira zamankhwala. Njira imodzi yothetsera ndi mtundu wojambulidwa kalasi, yomwe yanenedwa kuti ikupititsa patsogolo chidziwitso chosungidwa mu Engineering Engineering Engineer14. Mwanjira imeneyi, ophunzira adawunikiranso zochitika zamakono komanso mkalasi nthawi zambiri zimathetsa mavuto kudzera mu maphunziro a milandu.
Kukula kwa otenga nawo mbali: timakhala ndi chidwi ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mgwirizano pazinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo madokotala komanso akatswiri azaumoyo komanso ophunzitsidwa bwino. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yomweyo amafunikira kukhazikitsidwa pofunsana ndi luso lochokera m'madipatimenti osiyanasiyana kuti agwirizane ndi zomwe ali ndi madera osiyanasiyana.
Luntha laukadaulo ndiwopambana-tech ndipo malingaliro ake okhudzana ndi masamu amakhudzana ndi masamu komanso sayansi yamakompyuta. Kuphunzitsa ogwira ntchito zaumoyo kuti amvetsetse luntha la kupanga mwaluso lomwe lili ndi zovuta zina pakusankha, kufunikira kwa matenda, komanso njira zoperekera. Tikukhulupirira kuti kuzindikira komwe kupezeka kuchokera ku AI m'maphunziro a maphunziro kudzathandiza ophunzitsa amtsogolo akumva njira zatsopano kuphatikiza ai mu maphunziro azachipatala.
Pholankhani ya Google Colabotary Python Plaject ndi Yotseguka ndikupezeka pa: https://github.com/bvutob.github.github.iio/tree/Master/
Prober, kg ndi Khan, S. Kuzindikira maphunziro azachipatala: Kuyitanira kuti achitepo kanthu. Akkad. mankhwala. 88, 1407-14010 (2013).
McCoy, LG etc. Kodi ophunzira azachipatala amafunikira chiyani kudziwa za luntha lopanga? Manambala a NPZH. Mankhwala 3, 1-3 (2020).
Dos Santos, DP, et al. Maganizo a ophunzira azachipatala anzeru: kafukufuku wa anthu ambiri. Euro. ma radiation. 29, 1640-1646 (2019).
Chongani, KY, HU, R., ndi singla, R. Kuyambitsa Kuphunzira Makina Ophunzirira Mankhwala: Ntchito yoyendetsa ndege. J. Med. Phunzitsani. 54, 1042-1043 (2020).
Conseman n, et al. Kudziwitsa ana pachiwopsezo chochepa kwambiri chifukwa cha kuvulala kwamatenda opatsirana kwaubongo pambuyo kuvulala kwa mutu: Phunziro la Cohort. Lancet 374, 1160-1170 (2009).
Street, Wn, WN, WH ndi Mangakarian, ol. Nuclear Farcrection yochotseratu zotupa za m'mawere. Sayansi ya biomidal. Kukonza zithunzi. Sayansi ya biomidal. Kuwerama. 1905, 861-870 (1993).
Chen, phc, liu, y. ndi peng, l. Momwe mungapangire mitundu yophunzirira yaumoyo kwazaumoyo. Nat. Matt. 18, 410-414 (2019).
Selvaraju, RR et al. Kutanthauzira kwa Grad: Kutanthauzira kwamavidiyo kwa ma network pamaneti kudzera pa malo osonyeza. Zochitika za IEEE zapadziko lonse lapansi pakompyuta, 618-626 (2017).
Kumaral B, stewart k ndi Ilic D. Kufufuza ndi kuwunika kwa mtundu wa spil yowunikirana ndi masitepe osonyeza umboni pogwiritsa ntchito maphunziro ophunzitsidwa bwino. Mankhwala a BMK. Phunzitsani. 21, 1-9 (2021).
Kolachalama Vb ndi Garg PS Makina Ophunzirira ndi maphunziro azachipatala. Manambala a NPZH. mankhwala. 1, 1-3 (2018).
Van Leewen, kg, scalekamp, s., R., van Ginnecy, F. ndi F. ndi luntha la ma radicalogy: 100 ndi umboni wawo wasayansi. Euro. ma radiation. 31, 37977-3804 (2021).
Peop, EJ High Feed Medical Medical Medical: Kugwirizana kwa luntha la anthu ndi zopanga zopanga. Nat. mankhwala. 25, 44-56 (2019).
Bede, e. et al. Kuwunika kwa anthu kumodzi kwa njira yophunzirira yophunzirira ku chipatala kuti ipeze matenda a shuga retinopathy. Zovuta za 2020 Chigawo cha 2020 pazinthu zaumunthu mu magwiridwe antchito (2020).
Kerr, B. Kalasi yojambulidwa mu maphunziro apaukadaulo: Kuwunikanso. Zochitika za 2015 Zapadziko Lonse Pamisonkhano Yogwirizana (2015).
Olembawo adathokoza Danielle Walker, Tim Salcdin, ndi Peter Zandstra kuchokera ku maganizidwe a biomedation anzeru ku University ku Yunivesite ya British Columbia kuti athandizire ndi ndalama.
RH, pp, zh, rs ndi ma ma ma a ma ma ma ma ma a ma maja ophunzitsira zokambirana. RH ndi PP anali ndi udindo wopanga zitsanzo za pulogalamuyi. Kyf, OY, MT ndipo PW anali ndi udindo wogwira ntchito ya polojekitiyi ndi kusanthula kwa zokambirana. RH, oy, Mt, Rs anali woyang'anira kupanga manambala ndi matebulo. RH, KYF, PP, Zh, Oy, mai, pw, mas, mas, ma Rs adayang'anira chikalatacho.
Mankhwala Oyankhulana Zikomo Carolyn McGregor, Fabio Moraes, ndi AdityA Borakati chifukwa chopereka ntchitoyi.
Post Nthawi: Feb-19-2024