Makhalidwe a mankhwala
1. Chiuno chikhoza kusuntha.Wogwira ntchitoyo ayenera kugwira mutu wa wodwalayo ndi dzanja limodzi ndikugwira chingwe cha mwendo wa miyendo yonse ya m'munsi mwamphamvu ndi dzanja lina kuti msana ukhale kyphotic ndikukulitsa malo a vertebral momwe angathere kuti amalize puncture.2. Mapangidwe a minofu ya lumbar ndi yolondola ndipo zizindikiro za thupi zimakhala zoonekeratu: pali 1 ~ 5 lumbar vertebrae (mtundu wa vertebral, vertebral arch plate, spinous process), sacrum, sacral hiatus, sacral Angle, spinous ligament yapamwamba, interspinous ligament. , yellow ligament, dura mater ndi omentum, komanso subomentum, epidural space ndi sacral canal yomwe imapangidwa ndi minyewa yomwe ili pamwambayi: msana wapamwamba kwambiri wa iliac, msana wamtundu wa msana, ndondomeko ya thoracic msana ndi ndondomeko ya msana wa lumbar ikhoza kumvekadi.3. Ntchito zotsatirazi ndi zotheka: lumbar anesthesia, lumbar puncture, epidural block, caudal nerve block, sacral nerve block, lumbar sympathetic nerve block 4. Chowonadi chofananira cha lumbar puncture: Pamene singano yopumira ifika pamtundu wachikasu, kukana kumawonjezeka. ndipo pali malingaliro olimba, ndipo kupambana kwa ligament yachikasu kumakhala ndi chidziwitso chodziwikiratu cha kukhumudwa.Ndiko kuti, mu epidural danga, pali zoipa kuthamanga (panthawiyi, jekeseni wa mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi madzi ndi epidural opaleshoni): kupitiriza jekeseni singano adzakhala puncture dura ndi omentum, padzakhala kumverera wachiwiri kulephera, kuti ndi, mu subomentum danga, padzakhala yoyerekeza ubongo madzimadzi outflow.Njira yonseyi imafanizira zomwe zimachitika pachipatala cha lumbar puncture.